STEM OPT (Optional Practical Training for STEM students) is a 24-month work authorization extension available to F-1 international students who have earned a qualifying degree in science, technology, engineering, or mathematics from an accredited US institution. Combined with the standard 12-month OPT period, eligible students can work in the US for up to 36 months before needing another immigration status.

About This Wiki

This wiki covers everything an F-1 student, employer, or Designated School Official (DSO) needs to know about STEM OPT: the rules, the paperwork, the timelines, and the pitfalls. Articles are sourced directly from USCIS, DHS, and the Federal Register.

Articles

Getting Started

• What Is STEM OPT — Overview, history from the 2008 interim rule to the 2016 final rule, and who qualifies
• Initial OPT vs STEM OPT Extension — Key differences in duration, unemployment limits, and reporting requirements

Eligibility

• STEM OPT Eligibility Requirements — Degree requirements, the DHS STEM Designated Degree Program List, employer E-Verify requirements

Applying

• STEM OPT Application Process — Step-by-step: Form I-983, DSO recommendation, Form I-765, and USCIS filing deadlines
• Cap-Gap Extension — How cap-gap bridges the gap between OPT expiration and H-1B start on October 1

For Employers

• Employer Obligations and the Form I-983 — The training plan, reporting duties, E-Verify enrollment, and site visit rules

Compliance

• Common Pitfalls and Denials — RFE triggers, unemployment limit violations, staffing agency issues, and late filings

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